graph LR
A[Outdoor Temp +15°C
COP 5.2] --> B[+7°C
COP 4.5] B --> C[0°C
COP 3.8] C --> D[-10°C
COP 3.0] D --> E[-15°C
COP 2.5] E --> F[-20°C
COP 2.0] F --> G[-25°C
COP 1.5] style A fill:#22C55E style B fill:#84CC16 style C fill:#FBBF24 style D fill:#F97316 style E fill:#EF4444 style F fill:#DC2626 style G fill:#7F1D1D
COP 5.2] --> B[+7°C
COP 4.5] B --> C[0°C
COP 3.8] C --> D[-10°C
COP 3.0] D --> E[-15°C
COP 2.5] E --> F[-20°C
COP 2.0] F --> G[-25°C
COP 1.5] style A fill:#22C55E style B fill:#84CC16 style C fill:#FBBF24 style D fill:#F97316 style E fill:#EF4444 style F fill:#DC2626 style G fill:#7F1D1D
| Heat Pump (COP 3.0 avg) | 18,000 kWh heat from 6,000 kWh elec | EUR 1,080 | EUR 150–200 | EUR 1,230–1,280 |
| Gas Boiler (90% efficient) | 18,000 kWh heat from 20,000 kWh gas | EUR 1,800 | EUR 200–300 | EUR 2,000–2,100 |
| Electric Resistance (COP 1.0) | 18,000 kWh heat from 18,000 kWh elec | EUR 3,240 | EUR 50 | EUR 3,290 |
| GSHP (COP 4.0 avg) | 18,000 kWh heat from 4,500 kWh elec | EUR 810 | EUR 100–150 | EUR 910–960 |
graph TB
A["Europe Temperature Zones"] --> B["Warm
-5 to +5°C
Standard ASHP
Adoption 60%+
Example: Denmark, Netherlands"] A --> C["Cool
-10 to -15°C
Cold-rated ASHP
Adoption 40–60%
Example: Norway, North Germany"] A --> D["Cold
-15 to -25°C
ccASHP or GSHP
Adoption 25–45%
Example: Sweden, Finland"] A --> E["Extreme
Below -25°C
GSHP or Dual-Stage
Adoption <20%
Example: Swedish Lapland, Arctic"] style B fill:#22C55E style C fill:#FBBF24 style D fill:#F97316 style E fill:#EF4444
-5 to +5°C
Standard ASHP
Adoption 60%+
Example: Denmark, Netherlands"] A --> C["Cool
-10 to -15°C
Cold-rated ASHP
Adoption 40–60%
Example: Norway, North Germany"] A --> D["Cold
-15 to -25°C
ccASHP or GSHP
Adoption 25–45%
Example: Sweden, Finland"] A --> E["Extreme
Below -25°C
GSHP or Dual-Stage
Adoption <20%
Example: Swedish Lapland, Arctic"] style B fill:#22C55E style C fill:#FBBF24 style D fill:#F97316 style E fill:#EF4444